Small Red Rash on Back of Baby's Head

​​​Past: Nick Nguyen, Doc, FAAP & Sheilagh 1000. Maguiness, Doc, FAAD, FAAP

Gazing at your new baby, taking in every little detail, is one of the many joys of parenthood. Among many unique features you might notice is a birthmark, a different-looking spot on the skin that a baby is born with or develops soon after nascence.

There are two principal types of birthmarks: pigmented, spots of peel that contain actress paint (color); and vascular, which contain actress claret vessels that didn't fully form. Both types are usually harmless, and some go away on their ain. Merely some need to be watched to brand certain they don't cause issues. Exist certain to talk with your pediatrician about any birthmarks or rashes you lot notice on your baby.

Vascular Birthmarks—Pinkish, Red & Blue

Pink, red, and bluish birthmarks often are made up of extra blood vessels. The actress blood can brand some vascular birthmarks feel warm to touch. Vascular birthmarks may expect and behave differently depending on the type of blood vessels in them. The most mutual blood vessel birthmarks include:

Nevus Simplex: "salmon patch," "angel kiss" & "stork seize with teeth" birthmarks

Nevus simplex are flat pink or ruby birthmarks that up to 80% of babies are born with. They are collections of small, red claret vessels called capillaries. Often, these marks are located on the eyelids, forehead, back of neck, top of head, nether the nose, and lower back. Sometimes, they are called "salmon patch" marks, "stork bites" (when located on back of the neck) and "angel kisses" (when they're between the eyebrows).

Nevus simplex birthmarks usually will become away on their own past the time your baby is a toddler. Do non be alarmed if the birthmark gets darker when your baby becomes more than emotional or active—this is normal.

Most nevus simples are totally harmless and practice not demand treatment. Merely be sure to talk with your pediatrician if they are large or located in unexpected areas.

Port Vino Stains

Port wine stains are fairly common, seen in well-nigh 3 in i,000 children. They are similar to nevus simplex: apartment, pink or red birthmarks fabricated up of actress capillaries. They also are visible at nascence. Simply these birthmarks are normally larger than nevus simplex and may affect more areas of the face and body. Different some other birthmarks, port wine stains do not get away. They grow as your child grows, only slowly. Over time, they may become darker and thicker.

Port wine stains aren't normally linked to any health problems. If the birthmark affects a certain office of the face, like the eyelid and forehead, though, it may be related to a condition called Sturge-Weber syndrome. This condition is rare, but your doctor may recommend more evaluation or testing if your infant is at risk.

Some children and teens are not bothered by their port-vino stain, while others may feel self-conscious well-nigh them. Laser treatment may be able to lighten the birthmark some and help prevent darkening and thickening. Just it will not "erase" the birthmark in most cases.

Infantile Hemangiomas

These benign growths, which usually appear in the first few weeks of life, are made of extra blood vessels in the skin. Infantile hemangiomas are fairly mutual--found in up to v% of infants. They usually abound rapidly, and and so gradually compress and fade. If they form near the top of the skin, they are red (and sometimes called "strawberry marks"). Deeper in the skin, they may await blue or purple, like bruises.

Infantile hemangiomas grow near rapidly in the first v-seven weeks of life, and then information technology is of import to talk to your pediatrician about them early. Some hemangiomas may be associated with certain health issues and crave boosted testing and/or treatment. Safe treatments are bachelor today for trouble hemangiomas. But these treatments usually work best when started shortly after these birthmarks form--mostly by around 1 month historic period. Talk with your pediatrician if yous think your babe may have an infantile hemangioma.

Built Hemangiomas

Congenital hemangiomas are present at nascence. Sometimes, they tin can exist seen during prenatal ultrasound exams. They are different from infantile hemangiomas and much rarer. This type of hemangioma does not grow after the infant is born. Congenital hemangioma often look like a big circular or oval bump or mass. They tend to be purple to blue, but may as well take tiny carmine blood vessels on the surface and a white ring around the base of operations.

Some of these birthmarks begin to disappear chop-chop (a type called rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma). Another type, not-involuting congenital hemangioma, does non become away at all. In virtually cases, congenital hemangiomas are non dangerous and do not need handling. If the birthmark does not go away, it can be removed with surgery or other treatments when a kid is older.

Venous Malformation

Venous malformations are tangles of veins in the skin that did not course properly during development. The veins requite these birthmarks a bluish or purple color. They are present at birth but may not become obvious until the teenage years. The veins can become larger with activity or certain positions, and they may become painful. Venous malformations are rare, affecting around two in 10,000 children.

These birthmarks may crusade no issues at all. But handling may be needed if the birthmark is painful or affects your child's activities. Sometimes, small clots called phleboliths grade in the veins. In well-nigh cases, these clots are non harmful simply can be hard and cause pain. Compression garments, medications, surgery or procedures may exist among treatment options.

Virtually venous malformations are located just in the skin, but sometimes they can also be establish in muscles, bones, or organs. Your doctor may recommend a scan to get more information about your kid's birthmark.

Blood Vessel Birthmarks
	What does information technology expect like?	Does it need to be treated?
Nevus Simplex	Flat, pinkish or carmine birthmarks present at nascency. Sometimes called "salmon patch" marks. Based on location, also called "stork bite" (on back of neck) and "angel kiss" (between the eyes).	Most do not demand handling and go abroad on their own by the toddler years. Talk with your pediatrician if the birthmark is large or in an unusual area.
Port-Wine Stain	Flat, pinkish or cerise birthmarks that may look similar maroon liquid splashed on skin. Like, simply unremarkably larger than, nevus simplex. May impact more areas on the face up and body.	Ordinarily no related health problems. If they are on certain parts of caput and face, tests may exist needed for rare related health status. May become darker and thicker over fourth dimension; laser treatment may help lighten them some.
Infantile Hemangioma	Bumpy red or apartment blue marks usually appearing in commencement few weeks of life. Near the top of the pare, they're red ("strawberry marks"). Deeper in the peel, they look bluish or purple, similar bruises.	Usually don't cause issues, just some need treatment to avoid permanent changes or health issues. After a period of fast growth, usually get-go to shrink and fade at almost age i.
Congenital Hemangioma	Usually large round or oval bumps that are fully formed at birth. Regal or blueish in color, some with tiny ruby-red blood vessels on surface & white ring around base of operations.	Ordinarily require no treatment. One type (rapidly involuting) starts to disappear quickly. Others (not-involuting) don't get away. Can be removed later with surgery and other treatments.
Venous Malformation	Blueish or purplish tangles of veins in the skin that did not form properly during development. Present at nativity simply may not become obvious until teen years.	Handling may not be need unless the birthmark becomes painful or affects your child'southward activities. Sometimes, pocket-sized clots grade in the veins. In well-nigh cases, the clots are not harmful.

Pigmented Baby Birthmarks—Brown & Grey

Brown and grey birthmarks may be made of extra melanocytes—the cells that produce pigment (color) in the pare. Pigmented birthmarks can look and comport differently from each other. Some are harmless, but others can come with health problems for your baby.

Congenital Melanocytic Nevi (Moles)

Congenital melanocytic nevi are commonly chosen moles. They can be nowadays at nascence or appear during the first twelvemonth of life. These birthmarks are common, constitute in i-3% of newborns. Congenital nevi can look very different from each other. Near are dark-brown, but they may likewise take shades of pink, red, or blackness. Sometimes they have bumps or pilus, and they may become crude or raised. Nigh congenital melanocytic nevi are harmless and ordinarily do not require treatment or removal. Many dermatologists and pediatric dermatologist simply monitor them at well-child visits. They tin also tell y'all what changes you should spotter for in your kid's birthmark.

A nevi usually grows larger as your kid grows, but not quickly. They are classified based on their size: small, medium and big/giant nevi. Large and giant nevi may take a higher risk for a type of skin cancer, melanoma, compared to small-scale built nevi or other moles that appear afterwards in life. It'south of import for all children, just especially those with this blazon of birthmark, to wear sun protection outdoors.

A child with more than one built melanocytic nevus always needs to be evaluated by his or her pediatrician or pediatric dermatologist. Having more than 1 congenital nevus at nativity may be related to problems with the brain and spinal cord. Your physician may recommend a scan of these areas in this case, but this is extremely rare. Larn more than and watch a video on identifying moles from The Club for Pediatric Dermatology.

Café-au-lait

Café-au-lait means "coffee with milk," which describes the calorie-free chocolate-brown color of these common birthmarks. As many equally 20-30% of people have one. The marks are flat and normally round or oval shaped. Nigh are smaller than a child's palm and have smooth borders. They are visible at birth or develop very early in life.

About café-au-lait spots are harmless. They are unlikely to turn into pare cancer, but may go darker with more sunday exposure. A large café au lait spot with jagged borders may be linked with a rare genetic condition called McCune-Albright syndrome. Multiple café-au-lait spots can be a sign of other weather condition, including one called neurofibromatosis. If your child has a large café-au-lait spot, more than five spots, or spots in the armpits/groin, talk with your pediatrician well-nigh them.

Dermal Melanocytosis

These are the most common birthmarks in babies with highly pigmented skin. They are seen in 85% of Asians, 96% of blacks & 46% of Hispanic babies at nascence. They are unremarkably located on the lower back and bottom, but some babies may have spots on different areas of the torso. These birthmarks may be a mix of colors including brownish, grey, blue and black. Their unique color comes from having pigment in different layers of the skin.

Nigh dermal melanocytosis birthmarks, which used to be chosen Mongolian spots, gradually fade. Many disappear by the toddler years. The majority of them are harmless and practise not need treatment. In rare cases, these birthmarks may exist associated with genetic weather. If your infant has other health issues and several spots, delight talk with your pediatrician.

Pigmentary Mosaicism

Mosaicism is a word that means two sets of Deoxyribonucleic acid, or genes, are present in the same person. In pigmentary mosaicism, different genes might affect the color of the skin. These changes can be subtle or very large. Pigmentary mosaicism birthmarks have unique patterns including lines and swirls. With sun exposure, areas can go lighter or darker.

Even though the genetic change involved with pigmentary mosaicism is present at birth, the affected skin may not turn color until after in life. Sometimes sun exposure can cause this to happen. These changes tin give the illusion that the birthmark is "spreading." In near children, pigmentary mosaicism is harmless. A small number of may have problems with the bones, eyes or brain particularly if their birthmark covers a large area of their body, so your pediatrician may recommend some tests.

Pigmented Infant Birthmarks
	What does it wait similar?	Does it need to be treated?
Congenital Melanocytic Nevi	Various sized moles present at birth or appearing during commencement year of life. Nigh are brown but may also have shades of pink, red, or black. Some may have a lot of hair. Can go rough, bumpy and raised.	Most are harmless, only it is important to watch for changes in the birthmark. Sunday protection is important to avoid unhealthy changes. Larger nevi present at birth, and multiple moles that announced, should be checked for related health atmospheric condition.
Café-au-lait	Café-au-lait ("java with milk") describes the light brown colour of these spots. Flat and usually round or oval shaped. Near are smaller than a child'southward palm. Present at nascency or early in life.	Most are harmless and need no treatment. A big ane with jagged borders--or multiple café-au-lait spots (more than 5 spots, or spots in the armpits or groin) --should be checked for a possible rare genetic condition.
Dermal Melanocytosis	May be a mix of colors including chocolate-brown, gray, blue, and black. Unique colour comes from having paint in different layers of skin. Normally located on the lower back and lesser.	Most are harmless and get abroad on their own by toddler years. In rare cases, may exist associated with rare genetic weather.
Pigmentary Mosaicism	Accept unique patterns, including lines and swirls. Afflicted peel, which contains different genes at nascency, may non plough color until later in life. With sun exposure, areas can become lighter or darker.	Usually harmless. In rare cases, especially if the birthmark covers a large expanse of the body, may bespeak related problems with the bones, eyes or brain.

Remember:

Nigh birthmarks are harmless and are part of what makes your child unique. Merely some types of birthmarks tin come with potential wellness issues or may cause some children to feel self-conscious. That's why it is important to talk with your pediatrician about whatever unusual marks or changes on your child's skin. There are prophylactic and effective treatment options bachelor today that are especially constructive when started early.

Additional Information:

• Infantile Hemangiomas: About Strawberry Infant Birthmarks

• What is a Pediatric Dermatologist?

• What is a Pediatric Plastic Surgeon?

• 12 Common Summer Skin Rashes in Children
  

Virtually Dr. Nguyen:

Nicholas Nguyen, Md, FAAP, is a pediatric dermatologist and the Director of Pediatric Dermatology at Akron Children'due south Hospital in Akron, OH. Within the American University of Pediatrics (AAP), he is the early career md liaison to the Section on Dermatology Executive Commission and is too the AAP Pediatric Dermatology Case of the Calendar month editor.

About Dr. Maguiness:

Sheilagh Thou. Maguiness, Md, FAAD, FAAP, is a pediatric dermatologist and the Manager of Pediatric Dermatology at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. Dr. Maguiness is VP of Education and Career Development for the Society for Pediatric Dermatology. Inside the American Academy of Pediatrics, she is a fellow member of the Section on Dermatology Executive Commission and is Chair of the Department on Dermatology Pedagogy Sub-Commission.

The information contained on this Web site should non be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.

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Source: https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/bathing-skin-care/Pages/Your-Newborns-Skin-Birthmarks-and-Rashes.aspx

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